Кабiнет 45

Заняття № 30

Тема : Братські школи в Україні. Актив і пасив.



Методичні вказівки:

1. Вивчіть англійські прислів'я про освіту.

2. Вивчіть нову лексику.

3. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст "Brotherhood schools"

4. Виконайте вправи на закріплення лексики.

5. Визначіть які з тверджень правильні а які ні.

6. Перекладіть речення англійською.

7. Прослухайте текст "Kiev Brotherhood Teaching Monastery: A Historical Essay" прочитайте транскрипцію слів та напишіть слова літерами.

8. Прочитайте та запам'ятайте поради сучасним студентам щодо навчання.

9. Виконайте граматичні вправи на вживання активу та пасиву.



1. Вивчіть англійські прислів'я про освіту.


Soon learnt soon forgotten.





Never offer to teach fish to swim.



Better untaught than ill taught.



Adversity is a great schoolmaster.

Knowing is not enough; we must apply! (Goethe)

Science is organized knowledge. Wisdom is organized life. (Immanuel Kant)

The eye sees only what mind is prepared to comprehend. (Henry Bergson)

Practice makes perfect.



Knowledge is knowing that we can’t know. (Ralph Waldo Emerson)

Рerplexity is the beginning of knowledge. (Kahlil Gibran)

Knowledge also imposes responsibility. (W. M. L. Jay)





2. Вивчіть нову лексику.

for the purposes of counteracting the denationalizing influence - з метою протидії роздержавленному впливу

preserving the Orthodox faith -збереження православної віри

the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - Річ Посполита

Greek-Church Slavonic curriculum - Греко-церковнослов'янський навчальний план

hence - отже

Jesuit [ ˈdʒez.juː.ɪt ] schools - школах єзуїтів

homiletics - гомилетика, проповіді

various social strata [ ˈstrɑː.təm ] - різні соціальні верстви

lineage [ ˈlɪn.i.ɪdʒ ] - родовід

student residences - студентські гуртожитки

a significant contribution [ sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn ]- значний внесок

national consciousness [ ˈkɒn.ʃəs.nəs ]- національна свідомість


3. Прочитайте та перекладіть текст "Brotherhood schools"


- The Statute of the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood School.



Brotherhood schools [Братські школи; Brats’ki shkoly]. Schools founded by religious brotherhoods for the purposes of counteracting the denationalizing influence of Catholic (Jesuit) and Protestant schools and of preserving the Orthodox faith began to appear in the 1580s.



The first school was established in 1586 by the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood. The school served as a model for other brotherhood schools in various towns of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, most of them in Ukraine and Belarus: Peremyshl (est 1592), Halych, Horodok (Lviv region), Rohatyn, Stryi, Mykolaiv (Lviv region), Komarno, Jarosław, Kholm, Krasnystaw, Zamość (est 1606), Lublin, Bielsk Podlaski, Brest, Volodava, Pynsk, Kyiv (est 1615), Striatyn, Vinnytsia, Nemyriv, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Medzhybizh, Lutsk ( Lutsk Brotherhood of the Elevation of the Cross School) (est 1620), Volodymyr-Volynskyi, Dubno, Kremenets, Vilnius (est 1587), Minsk, and Mohyliv-Podilskyi.

In the first half of the 17th century even some villages had brotherhood schools.

The most prominent schools were the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood School and Kyiv Epiphany Brotherhood School.


Lviv Dormition Brotherhood School

At first the brotherhood schools had a Greek-Church Slavonic curriculum: lectures were in Church Slavonic, and Greek was taught as a second language. (Hence these schools were also called Greek schools.)

Then the schools began to adopt the structure and curriculum of the Jesuit schools, using Latin as the primary language, particularly those schools that modeled themselves on the Kyivan Mohyla Academy.

Ukrainian was used only for examination purposes and, from 1645, for teaching the catechism.

The curriculum of most of the brotherhood schools provided what was accepted as a secondary education in those times: classical languages, dialectics, rhetoric, poetics, homiletics, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music (church singing). Some schools taught Orthodox theology and Catholic theology (for the purpose of polemics).

Brotherhood schools were open to various social strata. Students were judged not by lineage, but by achievement (in contrast to Jesuit schools).

Discipline in the schools was strict, and physical punishment was used. Orphans and poor students lived in bursas and student residences. Lecturers were required to set an example by their behavior and to have pedagogical training.

Brotherhood schools made a significant contribution to the growth of religious and national consciousness and the development of Ukrainian culture.

They published textbooks, particularly language textbooks.

Аллегория грамматики. Гравюра. «Грамматика словенска». Лаврентий Зизаний (Тустановский). Вильна, 1596 (РГБ)


The Czech educator J.A. Comenius (Komenský) derived many of the ideas in his Didactica Magna (1628–32) from the practices of the brotherhood schools.


Сучасна друкарня

At the end of the 17th century and in the 18th century the schools found themselves in adverse political conditions and declined.


4. Виконайте вправи на закріплення лексики.

Вправа 1. Підбери англійські еквіваленти з колонки Б до українських з колонки А.

А

1. діти-сироти і бідні студенти

2. мовні підручники

3. щоб подати приклад своєю поведінкою

4. прийняти структуру і навчальну програму

5. в несприятливих політичних умовах

6. з мітою

7. різні соціальні верстви

8. Річ Посполита



Б

1. in adverse political conditions

2. to adopt the structure and curriculum

3. оrphans and poor students

4. language textbooks

5. to set an example by their behavior

6. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

7. for the purposes

8. various social strata


Вправа 2. Підбери синонімічні пари

homiletics, essential, punishment, at the time, outstanding, sermons, genealogy, significant, lineage, penalty, in those times, prominent.


Вправа 3. Знайдіть "зайве" слово

1. Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox, Cossacks, Muslim

2. Turkish, Tatar, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Ukrainian, French, English

3. family, orphans, poor students, lineage, relatives

4. classical languages, dialectics, rhetoric, poetics, homiletics, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, dancing, music (church singing).

5. the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood School, Kyiv Epiphany Brotherhood School, Izmail technical school of mechanization and electrification of agriculture, Lutsk Brotherhood of the Elevation of the Cross School


5. Визначіть які з тверджень правильні а які ні.



1. Brotherhood schools founded by religious brotherhoods for the purposes of counteracting the denationalizing influence of Catholic (Jesuit) and Protestant schools and of preserving the Orthodox faith began to appear in the 1580s.

2. The first school was established in 1586 by the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood.

3. In the first half of the 17th century some villages had brotherhood schools.

4. The most prominent schools were those of the Lviv and Kyiv brotherhoods.

5. At first the brotherhood schools had a French-Church Slavonic curriculum: lectures were in Church Slavonic, and Greek was taught as a second language.

6. Then the schools began to adopt the structure and curriculum of the Jesuit schools, using Latin as the primary language.

7. Ukrainian was used only for examination purposes and for teaching the catechism.

8. The curriculum of most of the brotherhood schools provided what was accepted as a secondary education in those times: classical languages, dialectics, rhetoric, poetics, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music (church singing).

9. Some schools taught Orthodox theology and Catholic theology (for the purpose of polemics).

10. Brotherhood schools were not open to various social strata.

11. Students were judged not by lineage, but by achievement (in contrast to Jesuit schools).

12. iscipline in the schools was strict, and physical punishment was used.

13. Orphans and poor students lived in bursas.

14. Brotherhood schools made a significant contribution to the growth of religious and national consciousness and the development of Ukrainian culture.

15. They published textbooks, particularly language textbooks.

16. At the end of the 17th century and in the 18th century the schools found themselves in adverse political conditions and declined.


6. Перекладіть речення англійською.

1. Братські школи були засновані релігійними братствами.

2. Їхня мета була збереження православної віри.

3. Перша школа була заснована в 1586 р. львівським братством Успіння.

4. У першій половині XVII ст. деякі села мали братські школи.

5. Найвидатніші школи були з львівського і київського братств.

6. Братські школи були відкриті для різних соціальних груп.


7. Прослухайте текст "Kiev Brotherhood Teaching Monastery: A Historical Essay", прочитайте транскрипцію слів та напишіть слова літерами.






http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10643/

Слова: [ ˈnəʊ.bl̩ˌwʊm.ən ]; [ əˈdɪʃənl ]; [ kəˈrɪk.jʊ.ləm ], [ ˌɪn.təlˈek.tju.əl ], [ ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn ], [ ˈflʌr.ɪʃ t], [ ˈdʒez.juː.ɪt ], [ prəˈtekʃn ], [ kənˈtemprəri ],
[ ɪɡˈzɪs.tɪŋ ].

8. Прочитайте та запам'ятайте поради сучасним студентам щодо навчання.

Make good actions and make decisions.

Never put off till tomorrow that you can do it today.

Don’t waste your time - study, study and against study

Be slow to promise and quick to perform.

Try to be well-behaved, well-dressed and kind-hearted.

Smoking, drinking an alcohol, using drugs there are all Death.

Look before you leap.

Do not ever be selfish.

Do not ever forget how important you are






9. Виконайте граматичні вправи на вживання активу та пасиву.



Вправа 1. Визначіть стан (Active or Passive)



1) They often listen to music. - _________
2) She is reading the newspaper now. - _________
3) These cars are produced in Japan. - _________
4) Alan teaches Geography. - _________
5) German is spoken in Austria. - _________
6) Lots of houses were destroyed by the earthquake in 1906. - _________
7) Henry Ford invented the assembly line. - _________
8) The bus driver was hurt yesterday. - _________
9) You should open your workbooks. - _________
10) Houses have been built. - ________

11) Boys like to play soccer. - _________
12) This room has been painted blue. - _________
13) Cricket is played in Australia. - _________
14) I am given a book. - _________
15) We have lost our keys. - _________
16) You might see dolphins here. - _________
17) The report must be completed by next Friday. - _________
18) They were singing a song in the lesson yesterday. - _________
19) A letter was written to her some days ago. - _________
20) The black bike is being repaired at the moment. - _________

21) The grapes are grown in California. - _________
22) The hamster can be kept in a cage. - _________
23) The party has already started. - _________
24) The car is standing at the garage. - _________
25) The ship has been given up. - _________
26) The police didn't find the robber last week. - _________
27) The first fast food restaurants were opened in the USA in 1916. - _________
28) The train is going to arrive late. - _________
29) The search will be stopped because of the storm. - _________
30) The friends have been looking forward to meeting her. - _________



Вправа 2 Напишіть речення у пасивному стані.





1) Julia rescued three cats.
___________________________ .
2) The students handed in the reports.
___________________________ .
3) Maria crashed into the blue car.
___________________________ .
4) Alex learned the poem.
___________________________ .
5) Steven has forgotten the book.
___________________________ .
6) The mechanic has not repaired the DVD recorder.
___________________________ .
7) They play handball.
___________________________ .
8) Sue puts the rucksack on the floor.
___________________________ .
9) The girls had lost the match.
___________________________ .
10) The teacher is not going to open the window.
___________________________ .

11) She bought four apples.
___________________________ .
12) We won the match.
___________________________ .
13) The man stole the blue car.
___________________________ .
14) The police arrested the thieves.
___________________________ .
15) Jack swam the 200 metres.
___________________________ .
16) The dog bit the old lady.
___________________________ .
17) Tom and Max ate five hamburgers.
___________________________ .
18) Oliver taught the children.
___________________________ .
19) Victoria rode the brown horse.
___________________________ .
20) Grandmother told good stories.
___________________________ .

21) Mr Jones watches the film.
___________________________ .
22) The people speak English.
___________________________ .
23) He reads comics.
___________________________ .
24) We play volleyball.
___________________________ .
25) They sing the song.
___________________________ .
26) I take photos.
___________________________ .
27) She does the housework.
___________________________ .
28) The policemen help the children.
___________________________ .
29) He writes text messages.
___________________________ .
30) Mother waters the flowers.
__________________________


Вправа 3. Напишіть речення у пасивному стані.



1. Michael Angelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel ... by Michael Angelo.

2. A painter uses a brush and a palette. A brush and a palette .... by a painter.

3. ( Van Gogh) People look upon this work of art as a masterpiece.This work of art ... as a masterpiece.

4. They will exhibit his sculptures next month.
His sculptures ... next month.

5. They must look after old paintings very carefully.
Old paintings ... very carefully .

6. They are building a Harley-Davidson Museum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. A Harley-Davidson Museum ... in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

7. Governments should encourage fine arts. Fine arts ... by governments.

8. They were setting up a new statue in this park last week. A new statue ... in this park last week.

9. My friend asked me if I had been to the Tate Modern in London. I ... by my friend if I had been to the Tate Modern in London.





http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GFnZV-FEmIQ