Кабiнет 45

Заняття № 16

Тема: Наука і технічний прогрес. Прийменники місця.


Методичні рекомендації:

1. Вивчіть нову лексику.

2. Прочитайте та перкладіть текст " The achievements of science and technical revolution"

3. Дайте відповіді на питання.

4. Прочитайте та перекладіть про цікаві факти технічного прогресу.

5. Виконайте граматичні вправи на вживання прийменників місця.


1. Вивчіть нову лексику.

to go forward [ tə ɡoʊ ˈfɔːwəd ] - йти вперед

oven [ ˈʌvn ] - піч

handy [ ˈhæn.di ] - зручно

vacuum cleaner [ ˈvæk.juːm ˈkliː.nə] - пилосос

coup [ kuː] - переворот, вдалий хід

in a fraction of a second - в долю секунди

pay bills - оплачувати рахунки

conclusion [ kənˈkluːʒn ] - висновок



2. Прочитайте та перкладіть текст " The achievements of science and technical revolution"



As the years go forward our life becomes faster, a lot of new things appear, our mind develops and it cannot stop. It`s like a strong river which never ends to run and it is rapidly spreading all over the Earth.

Many centuries ago people even couldn`t imagine that we will be able to exchange information using telephone, fax, Internet as long as they couldn`t think that there are a lot of planets except our Earth and that people can fly their.

If we think how had everything developed, how many new things had appeared and how had the minds of people become so wide we even won`t be able to understand it because nowadays we cannot imagine our life without such inventions like lamps, ovens, central heating and others.

During the centuries people have been invented the things to make our life easier. A great invention such as transport plays one of the most important roles in our life.

We live in flats, can appear in different point of Earth within a day, can say hello to people who live in another point of the world. All those things are a product of technical progress and it doesn`t stop to grow and develop.

Nowadays we live surrounded by machines and other inventions. And with new inventions we become happier because nearly everything is making by machine not by ourselves.

And from day to day appear more and more new things. And we don`t think about how the first inventions were created. The only thing we know that we never will return to the life which people lived a lot of centuries ago because there is no way back.

Everything is handy. We use at home vacuum cleaners to clean the flat, ovens to cook, lifts to walk down in our houses, lamps to make our flats light….

There are a lot of such things like this, and we even don`t think about when and where and who invented it. And it`s so simple to us. And it`s so dear to us that we cannot even live without it. Our century is a century of developing informational connection. Faxes, TV, Internet, and Telephone became the most popular way of getting and sending information.

One of the greatest inventions of the century is computer. It`s the coup in the technology. When Charles Babbage (1792-1871), a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University invented the first calculating machine in 1812 he could hardly have imagined the situation we find ourselves today.



Computer becomes like a brain of human but the only thing it cannot do is to feel. The other things are easy to it. As everything computers also develop. The possibilities of it are so wide. It can do more than 500000 sums in a fraction of a second.



Programming became one of the most useful and popular profession. Nowadays computers can pay wages, reserve seats on planes, control sputniks, compose music. Also everybody knows the words Cd Rom, a means of storing information on a disk to be read by a computer, e-mail, which becomes one of the ways to exchange information, the Internet — a network that is a way to get information, to communicate with people, to find everything you need.



More and more people become Internet users because we can do so many things their and also cannot say all of them. You can chat there, find job, pay bills, get music, buy something, find referats, and know the latest news exchange information with other people in each point of Еarth by e-mail and a lot of other functions.

As for me it became a usual thing to be connected to Internet. It attracts me by a wide variety of different kinds of information which is necessary to people. Of course I use a lot of other things of technology at home. And I think that the main point of such inventions as vacuum cleaners, which we use at home, radio, TV set, mixers, refrigerators, one of the most important thing in every flat all these were invented only after the invention of electricity. So I find the question about technical progress very wide and it`s impossible to say about all inventions. And in conclusion I want to say that the technical progress won`t stop and the machines will substitute everything except one the human.



3. Дайте відповіді на питання

1. By what means can we exchange information?

2. And with new inventions we become happier because nearly everything is making by machine not by ourselves, don't we?

3. What became the most popular way of getting and sending information?



4. Прочитайте та перекладіть про цікаві факти технічного прогресу.


Technology fast facts






1. 160 billion e-mails are sent daily, 97% of which are spam.



2. Spam generates 33bn KWt-hours of energy every year, enough to power 2.4 million homes, producing 17 million tons of CO2.

3. 9 out of every 1,000 computers are infected with spam.

4. Spammer get 1 response to every 12 million emails they send (yet it still makes them a small profit).

5. A twillionaire is a twitterer with a million or more followers.



6. There are some 1 billion computers in use.

7. There are some 2 billion TV sets in use.

8. There are more than 4 billion cell phones in use. About 3 million cell phones are sold every day.

9. The first known cell phone virus, Cabir.A, appeared in 2004.



10. Since 2008, video games have outsold movie DVDs.

11. Amazon sells more e-books than printed books.



12. Facebook has 500 million registered users… about 100 million less than QQ.

13. About 1.8 billion people connect to the Internet, 450 million of them speak English. See list of Internet languages.( 1. English – 452 million / 2. Mandarin – 321 million / 3.Spanish – 129 million / 4. Japanese – 94 million / 5. French – 73 million /6. Portuguese – 73 million / 7. German – 65 million /8. Arabic – 41 million /9. Russian – 38 million / 10. Korean – 37 million /
All others – 258 million/.

14. Google indexed it’s 1 trillionth unique URL on July 25, 2008. That is thought to be about 20% of all the pages on the Internet but a high percentage of the World Wide Web (the public Internet).

15.One google search produces about 0.2g of CO2. But since you hardly get an answer from one search, a typical search session produces about the same amount of CO2 as does boiling a kettle.

16. Google handles about 1 billion search queries per day, releasing some 200 tons of CO2 per day.

17. The average US household uses 10.6 megawatt-hours (MWh) electricity per year.

18. Google uses an estimated 15 billion kWh of electricity per year, more than most countries. However, google generates a lot of their own power with their solar panels.

19. The first public cell phone call was made on April 3, 1973 by Martin Cooper.

20. The Motorola DynaTAC 8000X was the first cell phone sold in the US; launched on April 11, 1984, it was designed by Rudy Krolopp and weighed 2 pounds.

21. About 20% of the videos on YouTube are music related.

22. 24 hours of video viewing is uploaded every minute on YouTube.

23. People view 15 billion videos online every month.

24. On average, US onliners view 100 videos per month each.

25. Flickr hosts some 5 billion photographs, Facebook hosts more than 15 billion.



1 Bit = Binary Digit
8 Bits = 1 Byte
1000 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte
1000 Kilobytes = 1 Megabyte
1000 Megabytes = 1 Gigabyte
1000 Gigabytes = 1 Terabyte
1000 Terabytes = 1 Petabyte
1000 Petabytes = 1 Exabyte
1000 Exabytes = 1 Zettabyte
1000 Zettabytes = 1 Yottabyte
1000 Yottabytes = 1 Brontobyte
1000 Brontobytes = 1 Geopbyte
Technically speaking, the sum is 1024 bytes.




http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-9FaJPhFxQ


5. Виконайте граматичні вправи на вживання прийменників місця. Вставте прийменник за змістом.




Вправа 1. Прочитайте граматичний матеріал та вставте прийменники.


Prepositions


AT

Bob is at school. Fred is at the doctor's Dad is at work They are at the airport. at home




at the door at the window at the bus stop at the street corner


ON

Тhere is a fir tree on the carpet. He is playing on a basket court. They are sitting on a sofa.



There is a painting on the wall. The books are onthe table. They are practising on a soccer field.


IN

The sheep are grazing in the pasture (enclosed). There is a clown in the box. what is there in the witch's cauldron? Kangaroos live in Australia.

There is a fire place in the house. The children are playing in the street. in the garden in a boxing ring


NEXT TO

My house is next to the white house, the one which has a blue roof.

BEHIND

The boy is hidden behind the fence. The sun is behind the clouds.


BETWEEN

The boy is between his twin sisters. a silhouette between palm trees

UNDER

She is sitting under a willow tree. The green book is under the blue book.

Вправа

1. - Bob! Why are you crouching down like that ? You should be doing your homework.
- Mum I can't find my book.
- But your books are ... ( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) your desk.

2. - Except my grammar book.

- It must be ...( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) your school bag. It is such a mess!
- No, it's not in my bag, I have already searched twice.
- Stand up! Why are you still squatted on the floor?

3. - I'm looking ...( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the bed, but I can't see any book there.

4. - Oh! look ...( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the top of the rack.
- It's not my grammar book, the grammar book is green.

5. Don't you see something ...( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the lamp?

6. - No, it's only a shadow ...( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the wall.

7. - May be it fell ...( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the heater and the wall.
- There is a sheet of paper but no book.

8. - I have seen some books ... ( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the vase in the living room.
- No, there are my math books.
- Bob, you are really too untidy!

9. - Oh! I remember now, I have forgotten my book ... ( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) school.

10. I think it is ... ( at; next to; on; in; behind; between; under) the drawer of the teacher's desk.


Вправа 2. Вставте прийменник за змістом .





1. It’s difficult to overestimate the role of science and technology ... our life.

2. Our ancestors hadn't the slightest idea of the trivial things created by the scientific progress that we use ... our every day life.

3. He's swimming ... the river.

4. Where's Julie? She's ... school.

5. The plant is ... the table.

6. There is a spider ... the bath.

7. Please put those apples ... the bowl.

8. Frank is ... holiday for three weeks.

9. There are two pockets ... this bag.

10. I read the story ... the newspaper.

11. The cat is sitting ... the chair.

12. Lucy was standing ... the bus stop.

13. I'll meet you ... the cinema.

14. She hung a picture the wall.

15. John is ... the garden.

16. There's nothing ... TV tonight.

17. I stayed ... home all weekend.

18. When I called Lucy, she was ... the bus.

19. There was a spider ... the ceiling.

20. Don't sit the table! Sit ... a chair.